This graph shows the difficulty of separating the “signal” of a single s-channel top quark from the background “noise” in the collision data. The CDF and DZero experiments use sophisticated analysis techniques to accomplish this, and this result is the first-ever discovery to use a mix of data from both experiments. The black solid line represents the background prediction for other well-known particle interaction processes, with the points representing data recorded by CDF and DZero. The blue shaded area represents the prediction for the s-channel single top quark signal. The data agrees with the prediction only if the data is added to the background model. This confirms the existence of s-channel single top quark production. Visit this page for more data. Image: Fermilab.