SQMS Center announces the addition of Rutgers University-New Brunswick to its growing collaboration

The Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center hosted by Fermilab is proud to announce the addition of a new contributing partner: Rutgers University-New Brunswick.

The SQMS Center was established in September 2020 as a National Quantum Information Science Research Center. It comprises a diverse group of collaborators from a variety of disciplines and backgrounds.

Following its inception, SQMS established a rigorous process to onboard new partner institutions into the collaboration. Rutgers-New Brunswick joins 19 other collaborating institutions, representing federal labs, academia and industry. To date, more than 275 members — both national and international — conduct center research activities.

“Rutgers is extremely excited by this opportunity to collaborate with the efforts of SQMS. Quantum information science is a high-priority area for the university,” said Robert Bartynski, chair of the department of physics and astronomy at Rutgers-New Brunswick.

Srivatsan Chakram, an assistant professor in the department of physics and astronomy at Rutgers-New Brunswick, will serve as one of the principal investigators in the SQMS technology thrust, specifically in the devices and materials focus areas. “Having Professor Chakram as a principal investigator forms a natural bridge between the complementary expertise present at both organizations,” said Bartynski.

“Rutgers brings world-class expertise in the 3D superconducting quantum systems,” said Alexander Romanenko, Fermilab chief technology officer and SQMS technology thrust leader. “Professor Chakram is one of the world experts on the 3D superconducting qubit architecture and specifically on cavity-based quantum processors, where he performed some recent pioneering work.”

A primary focus of the SQMS Center is the extension of the lifetime of qubits, the foundational element of quantum computing. Extending the lifetime, or coherence time, of qubits increases the amount of time that they can exist in a quantum state and hold quantum information.

“It’s great to be part of this collaboration, which I think will be very fruitful,” said Chakram. “Fermilab makes the best cavities in the world. The best cavities I have made can store single microwave photons for a few milliseconds. The cavities made at Fermilab have lifetimes approaching a second. Leveraging the extraordinary coherence of the Fermilab cavities should allow us to build better quantum processors. I have some expertise with designing and building these kinds of systems, so I think this collaboration will be mutually beneficial.”

The addition of new collaborators requires review from the center’s leadership and must be approved by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. New partners can be added to increase technical capabilities and strengthen the SQMS Center. The addition of a new partner often meets a specific need.

“The strength of SQMS is that it brings world experts in quantum information science together as one collaboration,” said SQMS Director Anna Grassellino of Fermilab. “Professor Chakram is one such expert, and we are thrilled to welcome him to the SQMS Center.”

The Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center at Fermilab is supported by the DOE Office of Science.

Fermilab is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.

Universities Research Association has announced the selection of John Mester as its next executive director and chief executive officer. In his new role, Mester will assume overall leadership and strategic direction of URA and will also serve as a member of the Fermi Research Alliance board of directors. He officially begins his tenure on Sept. 1.

URA is a consortium of more than 90 leading research universities that has been responsible for managing and operating Fermilab since 1967. The University of Chicago has shared that responsibility since 2007 through FRA.

“We are pleased to have John Mester as our next executive director,” said Eric Barron, president of Penn State and chair of the URA board of trustees. “John has the vision for the future of science, combined with the strategic and collaborative approach needed to fulfill and build on URA’s commitments to its partners.”

Mester succeeds Marta Cehelsky, who announced her retirement earlier this year, after having successfully guided the organization since 2011. During her tenure as a member of the FRA board, Cehelsky chaired its Committee on Operations and Oversight.

Along with a robust scientific background, Mester brings to the role a wealth of experience gained from leadership positions. Most recently, he served as associate vice president for research and professor of optical sciences at the University of Arizona. Previously, Mester had been vice president for science and programs at Associated Universities Inc., which manages the $864-million cooperative agreement for the management and operation of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, funded by the National Science Foundation. He earned his doctoral and master’s degrees in physics from Harvard University and his undergraduate degree in physics and mathematics, Phi Beta Kappa, from Johns Hopkins University.

“This is truly a unique opportunity for me,” Mester said. “It is the culmination of many years of a commitment to advancing excellence in science. I look forward to working with the URA board of trustees and the executive team to carry out URA’s mission in service to its strategic partners and members on behalf of the future of science and in the interest of the nation.”

Fermilab is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit science.energy.gov.

Editor’s note: This article was originally published by CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research.

Neutrinos are tricky beasts. Alone among known fundamental particles, they suffer from an identity crisis — if it were possible to put them on a weighing scale, you would unpredictably measure one of three possible masses. As a result, the three neutrino “flavours” merge into each other as they race through space and matter, opening up the potential for matter-antimatter asymmetries relevant to open questions in cosmology. Neutrinos are today the subject of a vibrant worldwide research programme in particle physics, astrophysics and multi-messenger astronomy.

In an eye-catching example of international collaboration in particle physics, CERN has now agreed to produce a second “cryostat” for the detectors of the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment in the US. Cryostats are huge stainless-steel vessels that will eventually hold and cool 70,000 tonnes of liquid argon inside the DUNE experiment’s detectors. The large size and low temperatures of the cryostats needed for the DUNE detectors necessitated innovation in collaboration with the liquefied-natural-gas shipping industry. CERN had already committed to build the first of four DUNE cryostats. Following approval from the CERN Council, the Organization has now also agreed to provide a second.

The collaboration exploits CERN’s expertise with a technology which neutrino physicists have dreamt of deploying on such a scale for decades. Neutrinos are notoriously difficult to detect. They stream through matter with a miniscule chance of interacting. And when they do interact, it’s often with one of the least well understood objects in physics, the atomic nucleus, and a spray of particles and excitations emerges from the swirling mess of hadronic matter. To get enough of these ghostly particles to interact with nuclei in the first place, you need a dense target material, however that is a terrible starting point for building a detector sensitive enough to reconstruct these sprays of particles in detail.

Former CERN Director General and Nobel laureate Carlo Rubbia proposed a solution in 1977: neutrinos could interact in tanks of liquid argon, and electric fields could amplify tiny signals caused by the gentle ionization of neighbouring argon atoms by charged particles created in the collision, allowing the “event” to be reconstructed like a three-dimensional photograph, with exquisite resolution which would be unprecedented for a neutrino experiment. Such a “liquid-argon time-projection chamber” was first realized on a large scale by the ICARUS experiment at Gran Sasso, which was built by INFN in Italy, refurbished at CERN, and shipped to Fermilab’s short-baseline neutrino facility in 2017. Each DUNE detector module will be 20 times bigger. Work on these ground-breaking designs has been underway at CERN for several years already in the preparation and testing of two “ProtoDUNE” detectors, which have successfully demonstrated the operational principles of the technology.

For more details, read the full story in CERN Courier magazine.