In David Ibbett’s latest musical offering as Fermilab guest composer, soprano Beth Sterling sings of the subtle neutrino: “You should be massless … you should be changeless.” Yet experiments have shown that neutrinos have mass and continually change form as they move through time and space.
With “Particle of Doubt,” scored for soprano, violin, viola, cello, piano and electronics, Ibbett creates a plaintive ode to the neutrino’s mysteries.
A four-minute video of the performance as well as the composer’s commentary (which opens with a cameo by Ibbett’s new baby) is now available online. It is a trailer for a larger piece that is planned to premiere at Fermilab in 2021.
In his commentary, Ibbett explains why he was drawn to the ubiquitous and strange particles.
“They don’t quite fit,” Ibbett said. “They have mass, but they shouldn’t, according to the Standard Model, and this raises all sorts of questions and opportunities to take our physics understanding further.”
The video features scenes from an animation of the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, hosted by Fermilab. The groundbreaking experiment is the inspiration for the lyrics.
“Particle of Doubt” features what Ibbett calls a “sonification” of neutrino oscillation, the phenomenon in which a neutrino morphs between its various types. He mapped the probability waves of neutrino transformation to the three string melodies.
With its modern musicality, “Particles of Doubt” underscores that neutrinos are neither massless nor changeless – nor voiceless.
“We’re thrilled to be working with David as Fermilab’s first guest composer,” said Janet MacKay-Galbraith, head of the Fermilab Arts and Lecture Series. “His musical creativity, intellectual curiosity and passion for physics perfectly express the synchronicities between the arts and science. We can’t wait to hear and see what he comes up with next in this year-long endeavor.”
This work is supported by Fermi Research Alliance LLC.
Fermilab is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.
Typically, Fermilab employee Keenan Newton spends his days managing Fermilab’s main content management platforms and his nights and weekends as a volunteer firefighter. Now he’s arranged his schedule to serve the Illinois Emergency Management Agency, volunteering his personal time to help people during the current pandemic and responding to hazardous situations while based at the State Emergency Operations Center in Springfield. He performs this work while continuing his full-time work as Fermilab Content Management Group lead.
Below is his account of what it’s like to serve the public as a part of the Situation Unit in the Illinois Incident Management Team.

Keenan Newton is on call at the Illinois State Emergency Operations Center. Photo: Rusty Tanton, Illinois Emergency State Agency
As a volunteer firefighter, I am very involved with public safety in my community. I get to learn many specialties such as hazardous materials technician work, rope operations and even instruction. One of the specialties I got involved in is incident management, specifically as a planning and situational unit leader. As I started to take FEMA classes for all-hazards incident management, I was invited to join a statewide volunteer team of incident managers, the Illinois Incident Management Team, which supports incident management duties at the county, state and national levels.
When the state of Illinois started activating resources to assist with managing the COVID-19 incident, it quickly found out that its internal resources were short since many individuals were already assisting at a more local level. As a result, the state reached out to the Illinois Incident Management Team to request help with planning, logistics and situation unit leader positions. I offered my assistance on the weekends, and I have been supporting the Situation Unit, which collects data from the various functional groups and summarizes it for the director of the Illinois Emergency Management Agency. The IEMA director then briefs the governor, who uses information from these briefings for his daily 2:30 p.m. public address.

This shows the main meeting room at the State Emergency Operations Center in Springfield, Illinois. Photo: LVD Architecture
Following Nigel Lockyer’s March 24 all-hands meeting, during which he said to bubble up any opportunities to assist in mitigating this pandemic, I requested the ability to work remotely from the State Emergency Operations Center in Springfield. Generally, the work is sporadic throughout the day, and since I just hang out in a hotel room in the evenings, I can work on lab tasks there while being close to the action in Springfield as needed. On average, I put in five hours of lab work during normal business hours and three additional hours in the evening, thus minimizing the impact to lab activities while I am assisting the SEOC.
One of my key accomplishments is to have introduced Microsoft Teams, a collaborative software tool, to the SEOC. The state had just procured the licenses but had not yet implemented Teams. Using this software has been a game changer for us in the Situation Unit — it condensed our daily process for compiling and submitting our daily report from three-and-a-half hours to only two-and-a-half hours. With the success of using Microsoft Teams within the Situation Unit, the SEOC management has decided to implement Microsoft Teams throughout the Illinois Emergency Management Agency to manage the entire COVID-19 pandemic response. My experience at the lab with both Teams and SharePoint has helped me to apply much of what I learned to streamline and improve the information flow at the SEOC and, ultimately, to the Illinois governor so he has the latest available information.
If, while spending more time at home, you develop a hankering for more particle physics in your life, look no further. You can learn all about the weird world of subatomic particles by browsing the information below.
Dive into the structure of the Standard Model. Expand your physics vocabulary. Create a sciency craft. Even take a tour of Fermilab — virtually!
Explainers, videos, public lectures, interactive webpages: There’s a ton to explore, so the next time you ask yourself, “How do you capture a neutrino?” you’ll be only a click away from the answer.
Enjoy!
Fermilab YouTube playlists
Want to jump into particle physics? Check out Fermilab’s plentiful menu of playlists and delve into the topic that tickles your fancy — quantum physics, cosmology, relativity and more.
This playlist tackles some of the most intriguing topics — from the size of our universe and the kinds of matter within it to tiny, mysterious particles and the experiments scientists build to study them.
Get a glimpse into the weird world of particle physics with this selection of popular lectures presented to the public at Fermilab.
Get started on our video series Subatomic Stories, hosted by Fermilab scientist Don Lincoln at home.
Science education activities for young people
Take a high school-level course on quantum computing.
Visit Science Snippets, our growing selection of activities for learning science at home.
Take a virtual visit to our Lederman Science Center and do a few science activities at home based on our exhibits, such as: Can you bend light? Can you build a LEGO accelerator? Can you play particle pinball?
Fermilab Arts and Lectures At Home
Connect to the popular Arts and Lecture Series online. Events are available for free with registration through the Arts and Lecture Series’ online ticketing.
All Things Neutrino
360 virtual tours
Take tours of Fermilab and some of its experiments: Wilson Hall, Muon g-2 experiment, Main Injector particle accelerator, NuMI/MINOS underground research area.
Go along on a walk through the NOvA neutrino experimental area.
Go inside a neutrino detector with the VENu app.
Highlights from Symmetry, a particle physics publication
Sign up for our Symmetry newsletter or follow us on social media.
Watch short, engaging videos in the Ask Symmetry video playlist.
Expand your physics lingo with physics vocabulary articles.
Check out the big ideas series.
Look inside the LHC.
A primer: Dark matter 101.
A primer: Neutrinos 101.
Meet some of the people who work on particle physics.
Treat yourself to some physics and art.
Do some quirky and crafty projects.
Symmetry’s top articles of 2019.
Read about particle physics in Latin America.
Meet a scientist or engineer
Get to know the people building the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment.
Hear how these people became particle physicists.
Learn about the benefits of particle physics
Examples from medicine, homeland security, industry, computing, science and workforce development illustrate a long and growing list of beneficial practical applications with contributions from particle physics.
Particle Physics 101
What is particle physics? And what are the big questions that scientists hope to answer?
Get the latest Fermilab news and learn about particle physics through Fermilab social media. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube.
This work is supported by the Department of Energy Office of Science.
Fermilab is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, visit science.energy.gov.