From CERN, March 16, 2021: The collaboration of TOTEM researchers at CERN and DØ researchers at Fermilab have discovered the oddereon – an elusive three-gluon state predicted almost 50 years ago.
gluons
The TOTEM collaboration at the LHC and the DØ collaboration at the Tevatron collider at Fermilab have discovered an elusive state of three gluons.
From Los Alamos Laboratory News, Feb. 24, 2021: The E-906/SeaQuest experiment, hosted by Fermilab, has produced results that are the opposite of what had previously been understood about proton structure and the dynamics of strong interacting antiquarks and gluons.
Protons are built from three quarks — two “up” quarks and one “down” quark. But they also contain a roiling sea of transient quarks and antiquarks that fluctuate into existence before swiftly annihilating one another. At the Fermilab-hosted SeaQuest experiment, researchers report that that lopsidedness persists in a realm of previously unexplored quark momenta.
From Quanta Magazine, May 6, 2020: Two ways of approximating the ultracomplicated math that governs quark particles have recently come into conflict, leaving physicists unsure what their decades-old theory predicts. Fermilab scientists Andreas Kronfeld and Chris Polly weigh in.
Scientists on Large Hadron Collider experiments can learn about subatomic matter by peering into the collisions and asking: What exactly is doing the colliding? When the answer to that question involves rarely seen, massive particles, it gives scientists a unique way to study the Higgs boson. They can study rare, one-in-a-trillion heavy-boson collisions happening inside the LHC.
Only 1% of the mass of the proton comes from the Higgs field. ALICE scientists examine a process that could help explain the rest.