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This cryogenics process flow diagram shows how argon moves through the system, starting from delivery at the surface, on the left, then once underground, how it is processed through condensers and purifiers, and into the cryostat. Credit: FDC Cryogenics

Keeping liquid argon chilled underground is one of DUNE’s coolest challenges

February 3, 2026

cryogenics
DUNE
liquid argon
neutrino

Fermilab feature

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment is building the largest underground cryogenic system ever attempted to support its massive liquid argon detectors.

Two cube-shaped GTT cryostats (center, bottom and center, top), supported by red steel outer frames, contain DUNE prototype detectors at CERN. Shown here in 2017, they are each 1/20 the size of each DUNE detector module to be installed underground in South Dakota. Credit: Jim Shultz, Fermilab

Containing thousands of tons of liquid argon for DUNE requires multi-layered approach

January 13, 2026

cryogenics
DUNE
liquid argon
neutrino
particle detector technology

Fermilab feature

Deep inside a converted gold mine in South Dakota, researchers are tackling a colossal engineering challenge — building massive, super-cooled containers to hold liquid argon for a flagship physics experiment hosted by Fermilab for the international DUNE collaboration.

Meet the winners of the 2025 Universities Research Association awards

December 19, 2025

accelerator complex
ICARUS
LBNF/DUNE
Muon g-2
neutrino
SBND
URA

Fermilab feature

Gray Putnam, James Mott, Lauren Yates and Chris Jensen are this year’s recipients of the URA Honorary Awards. The awards are presented each year to recognize significant contributions to research at Fermilab.